Sabtu, 22 April 2017

VOCABULARY CHEMISTRY

VOCABULARY


Vocabulary
Mean
     1.      Accuracy
Accuracy is a measure of how close a measured value is to its true value. For example, if an object is exactly a meter long and you measure it as 1.1 meters long, that is more accurate than if you measured it at 1.5 meters long.
     2.      Alcohol
An alcohol is any organic molecule that has an -OH group.

     3.      Analyze
Namely an attempt to observe in detail on a thing or object by describing the components of its forming or preparing the component for further study.

      4.      Aldehyde
An aldehyde is any organic molecule that has a -COH group.
      5.      Alkali metal   
An alkali metal is a metal in Group I of the periodic table. Examples of alkali metals include lithium, sodium, and potassium.
       6.      Alkene
An alkene is an organic molecule that contains at least one C=C or carbon-carbon double bond.
      7.      Alkyne
An alkyne is an organic molecule that contains at least one carbon-carbon triple bond.
       8.      Allotrope
- Allotropes are different forms of a phase of an element. For example, diamond and graphite are allotropes of carbon.
       9.      Binding  energy
 is the energy that holds protons and neutrons together in the atomic nucleus.
      10.  Buffer
- A liquid that resists change in pH when an acid or base is added. A buffer consists of a weak acid and its conjugate base. An example of a buffer is acetic acid and sodium acetate.
      11.  Calorimetry
is the study of heat flow. Calorimetry may be used to find the heat of reaction of two compounds or the heat of combustion of a compound
      12.  Carboxylic  acid
A carboxylic acid is an organic molecule containing a -COOH group. An example of a carboxylic acid is acetic acid.
      13.  Catalyst
A catalyst is a substance that lowers the activation energy of a reaction or speeds it up without being consumed by the reaction.
      14.  Cathode
A cathode is the electrode which gains electrons or is reduced. In other words, it is where reduction occurs in an electrochemical cell.
      15.  Covalent  bond
A covalent bond is a chemical bond formed when two atoms share two electrons.
       16.  Crystal
A crystal is an ordered, repeating three-dimensional pattern of ions, atoms, or molecules. Most crystals are ionic solids, although other forms of crystals exist.
       17.  Denature
There are two common meanings for this in chemistry. First, it can refer to any process used to make ethanol unfit for consumption (denatured alcohol). Second, denaturing can mean breaking down the three-dimensional structure of a molecule, such as a protein is denatured when exposed to heat.
        18.  Diffusion
Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration.
        19.  Electrolysis
Electrolysis is using electricity to break the bonds in a compound to break it apart.
         20.  Electrolyte
An electrolyte is an ionic compound that dissolves in water to produce ions, which can conduct electricity. Strong electrolytes completely dissociate in water, while weak electrolytes only partially dissociate or break apart in water.
         21.  VSEPR
VSEPR stands for Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion. This is a theory used that predicts molecular shapes based on the assumption that electrons stay as far as possible from each other.
        22.  Valence  electron
The valence electrons are the atom's outermost electrons.
        23.  Titration
Titration is a procedure in which the concentration of an acid or base is determined by measuring how much base or acid is required to neutralize it.
        24.  Temperature
Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles.
        25.  System
A system includes everything you are evaluating in a situation.
        26.  Powerful electrolytes.
are electrolytes whose electrical conductivity is good despite its concentration
        27.  Salt
ionic compound formed from reacting an acid and a base.
        28.  Redox  reaction
A redox reaction is a chemical reaction that involves oxidation and reduction.
        29.  Resonance  structure
Resonance structures are the set of Lewis structures that can be drawn for a molecule when it has delocalized electrons.
       30.  RMS velocity
The RMS or root mean square velocity is the square root of the average of the squares of individual velocities of gas particles, which is a way of describing the average speed of gas particles.
        31.  Rate  law
A rate law is a mathematical expression relating the speed of a chemical reaction as a function of concentration.
        32.  Raoult's Law
that the vapor pressure of a solution is directly proportional to the mole fraction of solvent.
        33.  Radioactivity
Radioactivity occurs when the atomic nucleus is unstable and breaks apart, releasing energy or radiation.
        34.  Quantum  theory
Quantum theory is the description of energy levels and the predictions about the behavior of atoms at specific energy levels.
        35.  Product
A product is something made as a result of a chemical reaction.
        36.  Nucleon
A nucleon is a particle in the nucleus of an atom (proton or neutron).
         37.  Node
A node is a location in an orbital with no probability of containing an electron.
        38.  Ligand
A ligand is a molecule or ion stuck to the central atom in a complex. Examples of common ligands include water, carbon monoxide, and ammonia.
        39.  Period
A period is a row (left to right) of the periodic table.
        40.  Lanthanide  contraction
The lanthanide contraction refers to the trend in which lanthanide atoms become smaller as you move left to right across the periodic table, even though they increase in atomic number.
        41.  Ketone
A ketone is a molecule that contains a R-CO-R' functional group. An example of a common ketone is acetone (dimethyl ketone).

Above are some examples of vocabulary, you can search for new vocabularies yourself, you can use the methods I have described before. Use instant dictionaries like Google Translate to make it easy to translate words, Google Translate is very good if only to translate words per word.





6 komentar:

  1. What distinguishes cations and anions please explain?

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. What distinguishes cations and anions please explain? Anions are ionic compounds that have a negative charge or can be called a negative ion. Similarly, the cation is a positively charged ionic compound. Anions and cations can be formed from elements (monoatomics) or from compounds (poliatomics). Anions and cations are formed from ionization reactions. For example Anion and Cation pal, for example, Potassium atom releases an electron into Ka + ion (its reaction equation, Ka → Ka + + e-). Anions occur when the elemental atom captures one or more electrons, for example, the chlorine atom captures one electron to Cl- ion (its reaction equation, Cl + e- → Cl-).

      If the atom loses one or more electrons, then the atom will be positively charged and called a cation. Whereas if the atom has one or more extra electrons it will be negatively charged and referred to as an anion.

      Example of cation formation:
      Lithium has 3 protons and 3 electrons. When it loses one of its electrons, lithium has only 2 electrons and 3 protons. Then lithium will form a cation (positively charged).

      Hapus
  2. hai rin, please you explain about Ligand ? thanks

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Ligands are electron-spotting ions or molecules. The coordination number is the number of ligands bound by the central ion (metal ion). The central ion is the acceptor (receiver) of the free electron pair.

      Hapus
  3. Can you explain the benefits of Calorimetry !

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Calorimeter function is a tool used to measure the amount of heat involved in a change or chemical reaction. Basically a calorimeter consists of two vessels separated by an air space.

      This vessel is usually placed in a somewhat larger vessel. Both vessels are separated by an insulating material eg cork or wool. The use of an outer vessel is as an insulator for the exchange of heat with approximately calorie meters can be reduced.

      Hapus