VOCABULARY
Vocabulary
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Mean
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1.
Accuracy
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Accuracy
is a measure of how close a measured value is to its true value. For example,
if an object is exactly a meter long and you measure it as 1.1 meters long,
that is more accurate than if you measured it at 1.5 meters long.
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2.
Alcohol
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An alcohol is any organic molecule that has an -OH group. |
3.
Analyze
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Namely an
attempt to observe in detail on a thing or object by describing the
components of its forming or preparing the component for further study.
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4.
Aldehyde
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An aldehyde is any organic molecule that has a -COH group. |
5.
Alkali
metal
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An
alkali metal is a metal in Group I of the periodic table. Examples of alkali
metals include lithium, sodium, and potassium.
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6.
Alkene
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An alkene is an organic molecule that contains at least one C=C or
carbon-carbon double bond. |
7.
Alkyne
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An alkyne is an organic molecule that contains at least one carbon-carbon
triple bond. |
8.
Allotrope
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- Allotropes are different forms of a phase of an element. For example,
diamond and graphite are allotropes of carbon. |
9.
Binding
energy
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is the energy that holds protons
and neutrons together in the atomic nucleus. |
10.
Buffer
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- A liquid that resists change in pH when an acid or base is added.
A buffer consists of a weak acid and its conjugate base. An example of a buffer is
acetic acid and sodium acetate. |
11.
Calorimetry
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is
the study of heat flow. Calorimetry may be used to find the heat of reaction
of two compounds or the heat of combustion of a compound
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12.
Carboxylic
acid
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A carboxylic acid is an organic molecule containing a -COOH group. An
example of a carboxylic acid is acetic acid. |
13.
Catalyst
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A
catalyst is a substance that lowers the activation energy of a
reaction or speeds it up without being consumed by the reaction.
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14.
Cathode
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A cathode is the electrode which gains electrons or is reduced. In other
words, it is where reduction occurs in an electrochemical cell. |
15.
Covalent
bond
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A covalent bond is a chemical bond formed when two atoms share two electrons. |
16.
Crystal
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A crystal is an ordered, repeating three-dimensional pattern of ions,
atoms, or molecules. Most crystals are ionic solids, although other forms of
crystals exist. |
17.
Denature
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There are two common meanings for this in chemistry. First, it can refer
to any process used to make ethanol unfit for consumption (denatured
alcohol). Second, denaturing can mean breaking down the three-dimensional
structure of a molecule, such as a protein is denatured when exposed to heat. |
18.
Diffusion
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Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of higher
concentration to one of lower concentration. |
19.
Electrolysis
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Electrolysis
is using electricity to break the bonds in a compound to break it apart.
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20.
Electrolyte
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An electrolyte is an ionic compound that dissolves in water to
produce ions, which can conduct electricity. Strong electrolytes completely dissociate
in water, while weak electrolytes only partially
dissociate or break apart in water. |
21.
VSEPR
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VSEPR stands for Valence Shell Electron Pair
Repulsion. This is a theory used that predicts molecular
shapes based on the assumption that electrons stay as far as possible from
each other. |
22.
Valence
electron
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The valence electrons are the atom's outermost electrons. |
23.
Titration
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Titration is a procedure in which the concentration of an acid or base is
determined by measuring how much base or acid is required to neutralize it. |
24.
Temperature
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Temperature
is a measure of the average kinetic energy of particles.
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25.
System
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A system includes everything you are evaluating in a situation. |
26. Powerful electrolytes.
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are electrolytes whose electrical conductivity is good despite its concentration
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27.
Salt
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ionic
compound formed from reacting an acid and a base.
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28.
Redox reaction
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A
redox reaction is a chemical reaction that involves oxidation and reduction.
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29.
Resonance
structure
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Resonance structures are the set of Lewis structures that can be drawn for a
molecule when it has delocalized electrons. |
30.
RMS
velocity
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The RMS or root mean square velocity is the square root of the average of
the squares of individual velocities of gas particles, which is a
way of describing the average speed of gas particles. |
31.
Rate law
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A rate law is a mathematical expression relating the speed of a chemical
reaction as a function of concentration. |
32.
Raoult's
Law
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that the vapor pressure of a solution is directly proportional to the mole
fraction of solvent. |
33.
Radioactivity
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Radioactivity occurs when the atomic nucleus is unstable and breaks apart,
releasing energy or radiation. |
34.
Quantum
theory
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Quantum theory is the description of energy levels and the predictions
about the behavior of atoms at specific energy levels. |
35.
Product
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A product is something made as a result of a chemical reaction. |
36.
Nucleon
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A nucleon is a particle in the nucleus of an atom (proton or neutron). |
37.
Node
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A node is a location in an orbital with no probability of containing an
electron. |
38.
Ligand
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A ligand is a molecule or ion stuck to the central atom in a complex. Examples of
common ligands include water, carbon monoxide, and ammonia. |
39.
Period
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A
period is a row (left to right) of the periodic table.
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40.
Lanthanide
contraction
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The lanthanide contraction refers to the trend in which lanthanide atoms become smaller as you
move left to right across the periodic table, even though
they increase in atomic number. |
41.
Ketone
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A
ketone is a molecule that contains a R-CO-R' functional group. An example of
a common ketone is acetone (dimethyl ketone).
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Above are some
examples of vocabulary, you can search for new vocabularies yourself, you can
use the methods I have described before. Use instant dictionaries like Google
Translate to make it easy to translate words, Google Translate is very good if
only to translate words per word.
What distinguishes cations and anions please explain?
BalasHapusWhat distinguishes cations and anions please explain? Anions are ionic compounds that have a negative charge or can be called a negative ion. Similarly, the cation is a positively charged ionic compound. Anions and cations can be formed from elements (monoatomics) or from compounds (poliatomics). Anions and cations are formed from ionization reactions. For example Anion and Cation pal, for example, Potassium atom releases an electron into Ka + ion (its reaction equation, Ka → Ka + + e-). Anions occur when the elemental atom captures one or more electrons, for example, the chlorine atom captures one electron to Cl- ion (its reaction equation, Cl + e- → Cl-).
HapusIf the atom loses one or more electrons, then the atom will be positively charged and called a cation. Whereas if the atom has one or more extra electrons it will be negatively charged and referred to as an anion.
Example of cation formation:
Lithium has 3 protons and 3 electrons. When it loses one of its electrons, lithium has only 2 electrons and 3 protons. Then lithium will form a cation (positively charged).
hai rin, please you explain about Ligand ? thanks
BalasHapusLigands are electron-spotting ions or molecules. The coordination number is the number of ligands bound by the central ion (metal ion). The central ion is the acceptor (receiver) of the free electron pair.
HapusCan you explain the benefits of Calorimetry !
BalasHapusCalorimeter function is a tool used to measure the amount of heat involved in a change or chemical reaction. Basically a calorimeter consists of two vessels separated by an air space.
HapusThis vessel is usually placed in a somewhat larger vessel. Both vessels are separated by an insulating material eg cork or wool. The use of an outer vessel is as an insulator for the exchange of heat with approximately calorie meters can be reduced.